Social cognition in substance abuse. A narrative review
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Abstract
Introduction: Social Cognition (CS, for its acronym in Spanish) is the set of neurobiological, psychological and social processes that allow to perceive, recognize and asses a social situation to generate the most appropriate behavioral response for each context. It is comprised by five domains: Theory of Mind, Emotional Processing, Atributional Bias, Social Perception and Social Knowledge. On regard of substance abuse, the SC becomes relevant for their involvement in the therapeutic prognosis and social reintegration of drug users in rehabilitation.
Objective: to explore existing information within the scientific literature related to the functioning of CS domains in substance abusers.
Method: a search in digital databases was carried out. Quasi and experimental researches, published since 2000, which included the evaluation of at least one CS domain in subjects with substance abuse or dependence, were considered.
Results: research reports documenting alterations in Emotional Processing and Theory of Mind associated with the abuse of alcohol, cannabis, methamphetamines, cocaine, and opiates. Alterations may vary depending on the substance and severity of consumption. No publications were found that demonstrate the performance of Attribution Bias, Social Perception or Social Knowledge.
Discussion: it is risky to point out the existence of a deficit in CS domains, for each specific substance; studies are still scarce, there is variability with respect to the instruments used, and there are other clinical variables that could moderate or modify the association between the domains of CS and substance abuse.
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